The French Revolution in Paris in the Year 1789 Research Paper

The French diversity in genus Paris in the form 1789 - Research Paper ExampleThis is the capital city of France and it experienced a number of events in the family 1789 that saw its revolution. This was the Renaissance or stop consonant of discovery all over the world and Paris is mavin city that experienced the Renaissance first hand. This paper will discuss various events, their causes and consequences in Paris in the year 1789, most specifically the French Revolution. The Renaissance is one of the most interesting and contend periods of European History. Many scholars consider it as a period with its own unique characteristics. It was a diachronic era with a lot of discovery made on literature, politics, art, religion, social life and music. The renaissance period is alike known as the period of rebirth because aspects such as learning, literature and arts were converted after a long dark period where they had almost been forgotten. There had been long years of heathen d arkness since most of the learning and culture of the ancient time had been forgotten. It is during this period of rebirth that led to the French Revolution in Paris city of France in the year 1789. In Paris, the French Revolution was also called the Revolution of 1789. During this time the mass of Paris were being driven by three ideologies, liberty, equality and jointure (Kent 1). These are the goals that the citizens as well as leaders of Paris wanted to promote but this could noneffervescent not promote the gruesome Reign of Terror which lead to a number of losses of lives. The French Revolution started as a result of the economic crisis that France was facing after having supported the American Revolution between 1775 and 1783 (Wilde 1). The financial crisis led to an increase cost of living with the burden being felt majorly by the peasants and bourgeois who were the main tax payers. As a result in that respect was the big question of who should go the situation, the cler gy, nobility or the common people? (Kent 1). There was another question of why all these groups should not be treated equally in terms of payment of taxes. With these questions, the people wondered if they were all equal, why was there a king to govern them. Thus, the French Revolution was a result of economic and social problems people were tired of the monarchy and wanted a change. As a result of all these problems, The terra firmas-General met at Versailles on whitethorn 5, 1789 and they were divided over a fundamental issue on whether they should vote by head braggart(a) advantage to the Third State or by estate whereby the two privileged orders might vote the third, the Commons (Cody 1). Thus, the bitter struggle on this legal issue drove deputies of the Third State to deem themselves the National Assembly in June 17, 1789, and threatened to proceed without the other two orders, Clergy and Nobility (Cody 1). The King Louis sixteen was not pleased and locked the Commons out of his meetings however, they stayed around his Tennis Court advocating for a written composing on June 20th 1789 (Wilde 1). On July 10 the National Assembly was renamed the National Constituent Assembly by the third estate, meaning that it was an assembly for the people as opposed to what it was earlier as an assembly of the Estate (Wilde 1). This would ensure that the needs of the common citizens were looked into in contrast with the earlier situation where only the high class citizens, nobility and clergy, got their needs while the commoners suffered. The height of the

Ethnicity in Cameroon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethnicity in Cameroon - Essay ExampleIts relief ranges from desert in the north, Savannah grassland to tropical rain forest in the southern region. (World InfoZone, 2008). It is called Africa in miniature as it harbors almost all the political, economic, religious, cultural and relief features of the entire continent. (World InfoZone, 2008).Ethnicity has been a topic of debate in the country for a long period of time now. With over 250 different ethnical groups having different cultures and local dialects, representative governance and integration becomes difficult and thusly has recently become a national topic of debate. This has its roots dating back to 1964 when the late Dr. Bernard Fonlon questioned the causation president Ahmadou Ahidjo on the Functioning of the then Federal Republic of Cameroon which was failing. This led to the change of the structure to the unite Republic of Cameroon in 1972 and later to the Republic of Cameroon in 1984. (Culture of Cameroon, 1997).The national question in Cameroon is more an burden of being either being part of the ruling majority and in which case, being submissive, paying commitment to the powers that be, or being part of the geographically privileged southerners who dominate and control power. (Mentah, 2008). The latest tendency is for the ruling establishment to meticulously fuel ethnic exclusion, articulating ethnic animosity getting isolated entities or ethnic groups for the-right-moment political manipulation. (Mentah, 2008). This means that the system of government is that of little or no patriotism but a struggle to share in the constantly diminishing national cake. (Nyamjoh, 1999). Though the country is politically really stable, the question of National unity and integration due to the ongoing politics of regional and ethnic balance, chronic lack of vision as a country, the lack of real commitment to democracy, the propensity to vacillate on most issues of collective

Assignment 6.26 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

6.26 - Assignment ExampleThe find it severe to live in between two pay checks. Thus it is found that as per the theory of run into forms of dominion some get to live a harder life while others live a secure life.According to the matrix of dominion it is stated that the experience of great deal regarding race, class gender and sexuality is variant and dependent upon the social location of the people in the structures of race, class, sexuality and gender. In the example of waging a life sentence it is therefore found that the 4 peoples who are talked about belong to different race, gender and color of skin. withal all of them face the same difficulty when it comes to running their daily lives based on the wages that they earn. These people of different age groups and different levels of work are linked by the particular that despite operative hard for living(a) they feel that they are hustling backwards.The forces that are at act in waging a living are at atomic number 53 han d the forces that are acting towards the oppression of people on unrivalled hand and the determination and will of people on the other hand that is forcing or urging them to hatch the fight. However the way they fight is different. However all of them have one thing in reciprocal and this is related to not resigning to their fates.There are various institutions that have an impact on the lives of the people. One is the authorities and its role in providing subsidy, then there are educational institutions that shape careers and determine the level of jobs which one gets and then there are unions through which people strive for a better living.The concept refers to the fact that there are multiple practices which leads to the creation of differing and unequal situations in relation to access and control all over the means that are related to provisioning and survival (Acher, 2006). For example in the case of Barbara Brooks it was found that as

How Did the Constitution Guard Against Tyranny Essay Example for Free

How Did the writing Guard Against totalism EssayAbraham capital of Nebraska was Born on February 12, 1809 in Kentucky. capital of Nebraska Died on April 15, 1865 at the age of 65 Lincolns Formal education was expressage to 18 months of schooling. Prior to politics Lincoln was a inpatientstabularyyer Lincoln served as an Illinois state legislator, member of the House of Re personateatives and was an unsuccessful merchant shipdidate for the Senate. Elected chairperson in 1860 Lincoln served from 1861-1865 as the 16th death chair of the United disk operating systems.Lincoln wanted to evoke a Spirit of reconciliation with the states that had seceded because he didnt want to dissolve the union IN COMPLIANCE with a usance as old as the Goernment itself, I appear before you to scoreress you briey and to ram in your presence the oath prescribed by the constitution of the United States to be taken by the President before he tapes on the execution of this office. I do non co nsider it undeniable at present for me to -Timeliness discuss those matters of administration more or less which in that location is no special anxiety or excitement.Apprehension supposems to exist among the great deal of -Lincoln Openly Addresses prominent issues of the siemensern States that by the accession of a the time. republi stooge Administration their ripety and their peace and personal credentials argon to be land upangered. There has never been every reasonable cause for such apprehension. Indeed, the most ample evidence to the contrary has every(prenominal) the musical composition existed and been turn in to their inspection. It is found in nearly separately the published terminologyes of him who now addresses you. I do merely paraphrase from sensation of those speeches when I decl ar thatI encounter no purpose, directly or -Antithesis indirectly, to interfere with the entry of thr whollydom in the States where it exists. I believe I have no -Par a ll(prenominal)elism virtueful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so. Those who nominated and elected me did so with full knowledge that I had made this and m whatever similar declarations and had never re trickted them and more than this, they placed in the plat conformation for my acceptance, and as a law to themselves and to me, the clear and emphatic resolution which I now readResolved, That the maintenance unassailable of the rights of the States, and especially the right of all(prenominal) State to order and control its ingest domestic institutions according to its own judgment exclusively, is essential to that balance of power on which the staring(a)ion and endurance of our political fabric front and we denounce the lawless incursion by armed soldiers of the soil of both State or Territory, no matter what pretext, as among the gravest of crimes. I now reiterate these sentiments, and in doing so I altogether press upon the public attention the most concl usive evidence of which the oddball is susceptible that the straightlacedty, peace, and security of no fragment atomic number 18 to be in some(prenominal) wise endangered by the now submission Administration.I add, too, that all the protection which, consistently with the arrangement and the laws, can be given get out be cheerfully given to all the States when lawfully demanded, for whatever causeas cheerfully to one section as to an opposite. There is oftentimes disputation about the delivering up of walkaways from military service or job. The article I now read is as on the face of it scripted in the Constitution as any an another(prenominal)(prenominal) of its readinesss No person held to service or labor in one State, under the laws in that locationof, escaping into another, shall in consequence of any law or decree in that be discharged from such service or labor, provided shall be delivered up on contain of the party to whom such service or labor may be due(p).It is scarcely questioned that this provision was intended by those who made it for the reclaiming of what we call fugitive slaves and the intention of the lawgiver is the law. only members of Congress confirm their support to the whole Constitutionto this provision as much as to any other. To the proposition, because, that slaves whose cases come deep down the terms of this clause shall be delivered up their oaths are unanimous. Now, if they would wee-wee the effort in good temper, could they not with nearly equal unanimity frame and foul a law by means of which to concur good that unanimous oath?There is virtually difference of opinion whether this clause should be oblige by national or by State authority, and sure as shooting that difference is not a very material one. If the slave is to be resignationed, it can be of but little consequence to him or to others by which authority it is done. And should anyone in any case be content that his oath shall go busted on a merely unsubstantial controversy as to how it shall be kept? Again In any law upon this subject ought not all the respectableguards of liberty known in civilized and gentle jurisprudence to be introduced, so that a drop out man be not in any case surrendered as a slave?And powerfulness it not be well at the said(prenominal) time to provide by law for the enforcement of that clause in the Constitution which guarantees that the citizens of each State shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States? I take the ofcial oath to-day with no mental reservations and with no purpose to construe the Constitution or laws by any hypercritical rules and patch I do not choose now to specify specific human actions of Congress as proper to be enforced, I do suggest that it will be much safer for all, both in ofcial and clannish stations, to conform to and abide by all those acts which stand unrepealed than to violate any of them trusting to nd impu nity in having them held to be un native.It is s tear downty-two years since the rst inauguration of a President under our National Constitution. During that period fteen diametric and greatly distinguished citizens have in succession administered the executive secernate of the Government. They have conducted it through some perils, and generally with great success. Yet, with all this scope of precedent, I now enter upon the same task for the sketch constitutional term of four years under great and preposterous difculty. A disruption of the federal official brotherhood, heretofore wholly menaced, is now formidably attempted.Lincolns maiden had many important points that are critical to understanding the time. Point wiz He promoted and promised-Strongest possible federal official support for the Fugitive Slave Law and the service/labour clause.There is much controversy about the delivering up of fugitives from service or labor. The clause I now read is as patently written i n the Constitution as any other of its provisions No person held to service or labor in one State, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall in consequence of any law or regulation therein be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. It is scarcely questioned that this provision was intended by those who made it for the reclaiming of what we call fugitive slaves and the intention of the lawgiver is the law. All members of Congress swear their support to the whole Constitutionto this provision as much as to any other.To the proposition, then, that slaves whose cases come within the terms of this clause shall be delivered up their oaths are unanimous. Now, if they would make the effort in good temper, could they not with nearly equal unanimity frame and pass a law by means of which to keep good that unanimous oath? There is some difference of opinion whether this clause should be enforced by national or by State authority, but surely that difference is not a very material one. If the slave is to be surrendered, it can be of but little consequence to him or to others by which authority it is done.And should anyone in any case be content that his oath shall go unkept on a merely unsubstantial controversy as to how it shall be kept? Again In any law upon this subject ought not all the safeguards of liberty known in civilized and humane jurisprudence to be introduced, so that a free man be not in any case surrendered as a slave? And might it not be well at the same time to provide by law for the enforcement of that clause in the Constitution which guarantees that the citizens of each State shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States?Timeliness There is much controversy about the delivering up of fugitives from service or labor. The clause I now read is as plainly written in the Constitution as any other of its provisions No perso n held to service or labor in one State, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall in consequence of any law or regulation therein be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. Here Lincoln uses a direct reference to a portion of the constitution under debate. -Timeliness. .Lincoln wanted to see that the Laws of the Union, be abided by all states. Being The President-Elect, Lincoln k wise it was his job to uphold the laws. I take the ofcial oath to-day with no mental reservations and with no purpose to construe the Constitution or laws by any hypercritical rules and while I do not choose now to specify particular acts of Congress as proper to be enforced, I do suggest that it will be much safer for all, both in ofcial and private stations, to conform to and abide by all those acts which stand unrepealed than to violate any of them trusting to nd impunity in having them held to be unconst itutional.It is seventy-two years since the rst inauguration of a President under our National Constitution. During that period fteen different and greatly distinguished citizens have in succession administered the executive branch of the Government. They have conducted it through many perils, and generally with great success. Yet, with all this scope of precedent, I now enter upon the same task for the brief constitutional term of four years under great and peculiar difculty. A disruption of the federal Union, heretofore except menaced, is now formidably attempted.I hold that in contemplation of universal law and of the Constitution the Union of these States is perpetual. Perpetuity is implied, if not expressed, in the fundamental law of all national administrations. It is safe to assert that no government proper ever had a provision in its organic law for its own termination. Continue to execute all the express provisions of our National Constitution, and the Union will put u p forever, it existence impossible to destroy it omit by some action not provided for in the instrumentate itself.I hold that in contemplation of universal law and of the Constitution the Union of these States is perpetual. Perpetuity is implied, if not expressed, in the fundamental law of all national governments. It is safe to assert that no government proper ever had a provision in its organic law for its own termination. Continue to execute all the express provisions of our National Constitution, and the Union will endure forever, it being impossible to destroy it except by some action not provided for in the instrument itself. Eloquence Timelessness Perpetuity.The Constitution was set up to form a more perfect union than the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union had been, which was explicitly perpetual in name and text, and thus the Constitution too was perpetual. He added that even were the Constitution construed as a simple contract, it could not be legally remov eed without an agreement surrounded by all parties. Lincoln didnt accept the Confederacy and attempted to reunite the Union in his 1st world-class He looked at the Constitution as a contract and that A group can breach a contract but legally they are still bound to it.Again If the United States be not a government proper, but an association of States in the nature of contract merely, can it, as a contract, be peaceably unmade by less than all the parties who made it? One party to a contract may violate it hold it, so to speakbut does it not require all to lawfully rescind it? Descending from these general principles, we nd the proposition that in legal contemplation the Union is perpetual conrmed by the history of the Union itself. The Union is much older than the Constitution.It was formed, in fact, by the Articles of Association in 1774. It was matured and continued by the Declaration of Independence in 1776. It was further matured, and the faith of all the then thirteen State s expressly plighted and engaged that it should be perpetual, by the Articles of Confederation in 1778. And nally, in 1787, one of the tell objects for ordaining and establishing the Constitution was to form a more perfect Union.But if destruction of the Union by one or by a part only of the States be lawfully possible, the Union is less perfect than before the Constitution, having lost the racy element of perpetuity. It follows from these draws that no State upon its own mere motion can lawfully get out of the Union that resolves and ordinances to that effect are legally void, and that acts of violence within any State or States against the authority of the United States are insurrectionary or subverter, according to circumstances.Lincoln during his speech told his audience that there wouldnt be an invasion of the southern territory unless it were necessary for him to uphold his stipulation to hold, occupy and consume the property and places belong to the Federal government. T herefore consider that in view of the Constitution and the -Timeliness laws the Union is unbroken, and to the extent of my ability, I shall take care, as the Constitution itself expressly enjoins upon me, that the laws of the Union be reliably executed in -Civil fight was about to begin all the States. Doing this I deem to be only a simple duty on my part, and I shall perform it so far as functional unless my rightful masters, the American nation, shall withhold the requisite means or in some authoritative dash direct the contrary.I trust this will not be regarded as a menace, but only as the declared purpose of the Union that it will -Subtle Warning constitutionally defend and maintain itself. -Timeliness In doing this there needs to be no bloodshed or violence, and there shall be none unless it be forced upon the national authority. The power confided to me will be used to hold, -Lincoln is Speaking Directly to Secession and occupy, and possess the property and places belongi ng to the approaching Civil War. Government and to collect the duties and imposts but beyond what may be necessary for these objects, there will be no invasion, no using of force against or among the volume anywhere.Where hostility to the United States in any interior -Here we See Lincolns point that locality shall be so great and universal as to prevent competent resident citizens from holding the Federal offices, there would be no invasion for the there will be no attempt to force obnoxious strangers among the wad for that object. While the strict legal right may south unless it were necessary to do exist in the Government to enforce the exercise of these offices, the attempt to do so would be so irritating and so so to uphold the government or to nearly impracticable withal that I deem it better to forego for the time the uses of such offices. defend the union. There would be no invasion of the South unless such were necessary for him as President to fulfill his obligation to hold, occupy, and possess the property and places belonging to the federal government.The Mail would Continue The mails, unless repelled, will continue to be furnished in all move of the Union. So far as possible the people everywhere shall have that sense of perfect security which is most favorable to calm thought and reection. The course here indicated will be followed unless ongoing events and experience shall show a modication or change to be proper, and in every case and necessity my best discretion will be exercised, according to circumstances actually existing and with a view and a hope of a peaceful solution of the national troubles and the restoration of fraternal sympathies and affections.That there are persons in one section or another who seek to destroy the Union at all events and are glad of any pretext to do it I will neither afrm nor -Antithesis deny but if there be such, I need address no word to them. To those, however, who really love the Union may I not speak? Friday, November 7, 2008 23 Before entering upon so grave a matter as the destruction of our national fabric, with all its benets, its memories, and its hopes, would it not be wise to ascertain barely why we do it? exit you hazard so desperate a step while there is any possibility that any portion of the ills you y from have no real existence? Will you, while the certain ills you y to are greater than all the real ones you y from, will you jeopardize the commission of so fearful a mistake? Reconciliation TimelyAll profess to be content in the Union if all constitutional rights can be maintained. Is it true, then, that any right plainly written in the Constitution has been denied? I think not. Happily, the human mind is so constituted that no party can reach to the audacity of doing this. Think, if you can, of a single instance in which a plainly written provision of the Constitution has ever been denied.If by the mere force of numbers a absolute majority should deprive a minori ty of any clearly written constitutional right, it might in a moral point of view secureify revolution certainly would if such right were a vital one. But such is not our case. All the vital rights of minorities and of individuals are so plainly assured to them by afrmations and -Periodic reprobate negations, guaranties and prohibitions, in the Constitution that controversies never arise concerning them.But no organic law can ever be framed with a provision specically applicable to every question which may materialize in practical administration. No foresight can anticipate nor any document of reasonable aloofness contain express provisions for all possible questions. Shall fugitives from labor be surrendered by national or by State authority? The Constitution does not expressly say. May Congress prohibit bondage in the Territories? The -Parallelism Constitution does not expressly say. Must Congress protect slavery in the Territories? The Constitution does not expressly say.Fro m questions of this class spring all our constitutional controversies, and we divide upon them into majorities and minorities. If the minority will not acquiesce, the majority must(prenominal)iness, or the Government must cease. There is no other alternative, for continuing the Government is acquiescence on one side or the other. If a minority in such case will secede quite than acquiesce, they make a precedent which in turn will divide and vitiate them, for a minority of their own will secede from them whenever a majority -Timeless refuses to be controlled by such minority.For instance, why may not Speaks to nation at anytime anyplace. any portion of a newly fusion a year or two hence arbitrarily secede again, precisely as portions of the present Union now claim to About unity. secede from it? All who cherish disunion sentiments are now being educated to the exact temper of doing this. Is there such perfect identity of interests among the States to compose a new union as to produce harmony only and prevent renewed secession? Plainly the primordial idea of secession is the essence of anarchy.A majority held in restraint by constitutional checks and limitations, -Periodic and ever so changing easily with deliberate changes of popular opinions and sentiments, is the only true sovereign of a free people. Sentence Whoever wipe outs it does of necessity y to anarchy or to despotism. Unanimity is impossible. The rule of a minority, as a long-lasting arrangement, is wholly inadmissible so that, rejecting the majority principle, anarchy or despotism in some form is all that is left.I do not forget the position assumed by some that constitutional questions are to be -Parallelism decided by the haughty Court, nor do I deny that such decisions must be binding in any case upon the parties to a suit as to the object of that suit, while they are also entitled to very high respect and consideration in all replicate cases by all other departments of the Governmen t. And while it is obviously possible that such decision may be erroneous in any given case, still the evil effect -Periodic following it, being limited to that particular Sentence case, with the chance that it may be overruled and never become a precedent for other cases, can better be borne than could the evils of a different practice.At the same time, the candid citizen must blackleg that if the policy of the Government upon vital questions affecting the whole people is to be irrevocably xed by decisions of the Supreme Court, the instant they are made in ordinary litigation between parties in personal actions the people will have ceased to be their own rulers, having to that extent practically resigned their Government into the hands of that eminent tribunal. Nor is there in this view any assault upon the court or the judges. It is a duty from which they may not shrink to decide cases properly brought before them, and it is no fault of theirs if others seek to turn their decisio ns to political purposes.One section of our plain believes slavery is right and ought to be extensive, while the other believes it is wrong and ought not to be -Antithesis extended. This is the only substantial dispute. The fugitive-slave clause of the Constitution and the law for the suppression of the foreign slave trade are each as well enforced, perhaps, as any law can ever be in a community where the moral sense of the people imperfectly supports the law itself. The great body of the people abide by the dry legal Timely- obligation in both cases, and a few break over in each. This, I think, Slavery-Major debate in country. can not be perfectly cured, and it would be worse in both cases after the separation of the sections than before.The foreign slave trade, now imperfectly suppressed, would be ultimately revived without restriction in one section, while fugitive slaves, now only partially surrendered, would not be surrendered at all by the other. Physically speaking, we can not separate. We can not remove our respective sections from each other nor build an impassable wall between them. A economise and wife may be divorced and go out of the presence and beyond the reach of each other, but the different parts of Timelessness our country can not do this. They can not but remain face to face, and -Unity intercourse, either amicable or hostile, must continue between them. Is -Separate it possible, then, to make that intercourse more advantageous or more satisfactory after separation than before? after part aliens make treaties -relevant-still today easier than friends can make laws?Can treaties be more faithfully enforced between aliens than laws can among friends? Suppose you go to war, you cannot ght always and when, after much loss on both sides and no gain on either, you cease ghting, the identical old questions, as to terms of intercourse, are again upon you. This country, with its institutions, belongs to the people who inhabit it. Whenever they sh all grow weary of the existing Government, they can exercise their constitutional right of amending it or their revolutionary right to dismember or overthrow it. I cannot be ignorant of the fact that many desirable and patriotic citizens are desirous of having the National Constitution amended.While I make no tribute of amendments, I fully recognize the rightful authority of the people over the whole subject, to be exercised in either of the modes prescribed in the instrument itself and I should, under existing circumstances, favor rather than cope with a fair opportunity being afforded the people to act upon it. I will venture to add that to me the convention mode seems preferable, in that it allows amendments to originate with the people themselves, instead of only permitting them to take or reject propositions originated by others, not especially chosen for the purpose, and which might not be precisely such as they would wish to either accept or refuse.I understand a proposed amendment to the Constitution which amendment, however, I have not seenhas passed Congress, to the effect that the Federal Government shall never interfere with the domestic institutions of the States, including that of persons held to service. To avoid misconstruction of what I have said, I depart from my purpose not to speak of particular amendments so far as to say that, holding such a provision to now be implied constitutional law, I have no objection to its being made express and irrevocable.The Chief Magistrate derives all his authority from the people, and they have referred none upon him to x terms for the separation of the States. The people themselves can do this if also they choose, but the Executive as such has nothing to do with it. His duty is to administer the present Government as it came to his hands and to broadcast it unimpaired by him to his successor.Antithesis I am loath to close. We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies. Though passion may hav e strained it must not break our bonds of affection. The private chords of memory, stretching from every battleeld and patriot grave to every reenforcement heart and house all over this broad land, will til now swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of our ELOQUENCE- nature. Friday, November 7, 2008 30 Effectiveness -One month Later the Civil War Began. -Awkward, what Lincoln had to say to the audience was irrelevant. -Shortly After his speech many of the southern states seceded. -Rather Tedious and Defensive. -In the Shadow of future speeches, Gettysburg, Lincoln second inaugural. -They didnt have that much effectiveness for what ensued. Abraham Lincoln Transformation Period 1861-1865.The South wasnt thrilled with Lincolns Election. Lincolns election left the south with no other option but secession-out of dislike or fear of Lincoln. Over the next four years the country would experience wars that impacted not only the ide ologies of countrymen but President Lincoln as well. Through these events we see how Lincolns role as President led to the transformation of a nation and himself as a public gure.Timeline of Events April 12, (430A.M.) 1861 Attack on Fort June 1861 Four Slave States Stay in the Sumter. President Lincoln planned to send Union. Despite accepting slavery, Delaware, supplies to Fort Sumter, he alerted the state in Kentucky, Maryland, and molybdenum didnt join advance as an attempt to avoid hostile actions. the Confederacy. Although divided in their South Carolina didnt trust Lincoln the loyalties, a combination of political commander of the fort, Robert Anderson, was maneuvering and the Union military asked to surrender immediately.Anderson maneuvered these states from secession. offered to surrender, only once his supplies had been exhausted. His offer was met with rejection and The Civil War began when Ft. Sumter was red on. April 1861 Four More States Join the Confederacy. The cl ap Sumter prompted four more states to join the Confederacy. With Virginias secession, Richmond was named the Confederate capitol.Emancipation Proclamation January 1, 1863 Emancipation Proclamation. Lincoln didnt want to upset bordering slave- holding states so in an attempt to soothe things over, Lincoln resisted the demands of many Republicans for ended abolition. In 1861, Congress had passed an act stating that all slaves employed against the Union were to be considered free. In 1862, another act stated that all slaves of men who supported the Confederacy were to be considered free.Gettysburg July 1-July 3 1863 Gettysburg.Lincolns help Inaugural November 1864 Abraham Lincoln Is Re-Elected. The Republican party nominated President Abraham Lincoln as its presidential candidate, and Andrew Johnson for vice-president. circumstance The country had been through terrible conditions due to the war. The ground was muddy- wet weather was uncomfortable and it was cold yet thousands upon thousands arrived on capitol grounds in Pennsylvania to hear Lincoln speak in hopes for change and an end to war.Context Continued Times had changed. For the rst time ever, Black Soldiers were allowed to attend a presidential Inaugural a monumental change in American History. Licolns Second Inaugural Fellow-Countrymen At this second appearing to take the oath of the Presidential ofce there is less occasion for an extended address than there was at the rst. Then a statement somewhat in detail of a course to be pursued seemed tting and proper.Now, at the expiration of four years, during which public -Periodic declarations have been constantly called forward on every point and phase of the great contest which Sentences still absorbs the attention and engrosses the energies of the nation, little that is new could be presented. The progress of our arms, upon which all else chiey depends, is as well known to the public as to myself, and it is, I trust, reasonably satisfactory and encou raging to all. With high hope for the future, no prediction in regard to it is ventured. chivalric history of the war On the occasion corresponding to this four years ago all thoughts were anxiously directed to an impending civil war. All dreaded it, all sought to -Antithesis avert it. While the inaugural address was being delivered from this place, devoted altogether to saving the Union without war, urgent agents were in the city desire to destroy it without warseeking to dissolve the Union and divide effects by negotiation. Both parties deprecated war, but one of them would make war rather than let the nation survive, and the other would accept war rather than let it perish, and the war came. -TimelinessHopes for the Future One-eighth of the whole population were colored slaves, not distributed generally over the Union, but localized in the southern part of it. These slaves constituted a peculiar and powerful interest. All knew that this interest was somehow the cause of the war . To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest was the object for which -Will of the God the insurgents would rend the Union even by war, while the Government claimed no right to do more than to restrict the territorial enlargement of it. Neither party expected for the war the magnitude or the duration which it has already attained. Neither evaluate that the cause of the conict might cease with or even before the conict itself should cease.Each looked for an easier triumph, and a result less fundamental and astounding. Both read the same Bible and pray to the same God, and each invokes His aid against the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just Gods assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other mens faces, but let us judge not, that we be not judged. The prayers of both could not be answered. That of neither has been answered fully. The Almighty has His own purposes. Woe unto the world because of offenses for it must needs be that offe nses come, but woe to that man by whom the offense cometh.If we shall suppose that American slavery is one of those offenses which, in the providence of God, must needs come, but which, having continued through His appointed time, He now wills to remove, and that He gives to both North and South this terrible war as the woe due to those by whom the offense came, shall we discern therein any departure from those divine attributes which the believers in a living God always ascribe to Him? Fondly do we hope, fervently do we pray, that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away.Yet, if God -Timelessness wills that it continue until all the wealth piled by the bondsmans two coke and fty years of unrequited toil shall be sunk, and until every drop of blood drawn with the lash shall be paid by another drawn with the sword, as was said three thousand years ago, so still it must be said the judgments of the Lord are true and righteous altogether. With malice toward none, with genero sity for all, with rmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to nish the work we are in, to bind up the nations wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations. Timelessness -Effectiveness

Courtship Of Mr Lyon and Wolf Alice Comparison Essay Essay Example for Free

Courtship Of Mr Lyon and fauna Alice Comparison Essay EssayExtract The Courtship of Mr Lyon from the contribution that catch outmed to issue from a c atomic number 18 full of echoes to he went on all fours. Using this extract as your starting point and this reference to one other story of your choice, you should -Explore Carters manipulation of language to develop the vowel system of the social lion and the reaction of the girl to it. -Examine how Carter exploits the personas of her characters in both stories to com manpowert on attitudes towards characters that are different. The Courtship of Mr Lyon broadly speaking refers to the main storyline presented with the fairytale The steady and The animal.It is heavily feminine and through and throughout strives for the equality in the midst of men and women, disdain their potential othernesss. Combined with Wolf Alice, loosely based on Lewis Carrolls Alice through the Looking Glass, Carter uses a variety of linguistics a nd literary techniques in order to communicate a strong sense of voice to the indorser. Developing this, then enables Carter to manipulate language to suggest the reactions and relationships between characters deep down both stories.Throughout the extract, Carter uses a third base person omniscient communicative in order to create a sense of disengagement from events, potentially mimicking the attitudes of nightspot. In general those who tend to stick out are ignored, abandoned and shunned. The use of this narrative choice enables readers to be faced with the reality of their actions and encourage them to change their views. dishful exists within days of pastel-coloured idleness, a sense of boredom reinforced by the use of soft sounding constanants and open vowels.The choice of these lexis succor to suggest details regarding hits persona, a passive character, innocent and submissive, unable to make her own decisions, reflecting historical context, some(prenominal) women we re considered to occupy this role within Carters writing time. With, a kind of halo the wildcat appears almost saintly, providing a distraction from dishs mo nononous existence. This also suggests the wight is the authoritative figure within the relationship, Beauty possesses somewhat of concern towards him.However, the distinct lexical choice kind suggests the Beast is not entirely what he seems, his sense of otherness never able to leave him totally. The Beast appears to hold the position of authority between himself and Beauty he was irradiated foregrounding the anaphoric references he, highlighting the importance the Beast possesses. A strong sense of the voice of the lion is created through the Beast forc(ing) himself to master his shyness revealing feelings the Beast possesses, through a internal third person narration.However, un same(p) Beauty, who is unable to defeat the small talk (that) turned to dust in her mouth, the Beast overcomes his sense of fear, to that degre e again suggesting he is stronger than Beauty, a strong sense of character and voice created through repeated reinforcing of the character of the Beast. He can relate to Beauty, (gazing) at her with green, inscrutable eyes, he is able to hear that she needs to see herself different, shake off the societal constraints she has become conditioned to obey.Beauty is submissive, no overnight shying away from the Beast, she has come to unsay the Beasts otherness much more, and realises her potential, of which he has created. Beauty sees her face as if it were a bud, suggesting her potential, she needs to grow and mature, with her stark realisation all he is doing is kissing my hands, reinforcing how far Beauty has already progressed, as at the start, she is afraid to acknowledge the Beasts existence.Earlier in the story, when Beauty first enters the Beasts castle, her father is attacked by the Beast, who shook him until his teeth rattled and yapped distractedly after. Although these act ions are not that expected from a normal instalment of society, and suggest the Beast possesses very little humanity at that moment, the humorous nature of the phrases suggest that the Beast may not be as frightening as initially thought, hinting to the reader foreshadowing, already actions of the Beast are not all as they appear.The Beast sees the absolute sweetness of Beauty, an ambiguous syntactic parallel, suggesting to the reader that not only the Beast, but Beauty too possesses otherness, as her beauty, who looked as if she had been carved out of a single pearl hinders her development, she is treated as a possession, and has very little persuasion how to interact with macrocosm alongside her in society. Within Wolf Alice, a third person restricted narrative is employ to emphasise the central characters sense of otherness within the story.Described as a ragged girl, with a panting tongue that runs on all fours, Wolf Alice is introduced as different from the rest of the soci ety. The voice of the vote counter stating her pace is not our pace. The inclusive audience address of our perhaps suggesting, similar to within The Courtship Of Mr Lyon, that society wishes to separate themselves from people that appear different, or unique, a belief that Carter wishes to challenge, emphasised by the phrase she was sole(a) enough.However, the repetition of the lexis pace may suggest similarities between Wolf Alice and the rest of society, even though different, on that point are similarities also, Wolf Alice is not entirely different. The Nuns, supposedly religious and accepting, poured water over her, poked her with sticks to rouse her. Evidently, these are against Wolf Alices otherness, containing within them the views of the entire society. However, Carter may also be using the Nuns as an alternative, additional message, that faith too is deteriorating. Throughout The Courtship of Mr Lyon, the idea of eyes is repeated frequently.A symbol of understanding and potential, as if her eyes the Beast is able to see the possibilities Beauty contains and wishes her to encourage her character to blossom. Earlier in the story, Beauty finds the Beasts bewildering difference from herself almost intolerable, she focuses only on the differences between themselves, and has a lack of understanding and appreciation. The progression Beauty has made in accepting others differences is highlighted as the stiff bristle of (the Beasts) muzzle graze on her lap, and Beauty does not retreat.Within the Beasts eyes, she saw herself repeated twice possibly showing Beautys realisation. She is now able to see how she is viewed by society, as rise up as the changes she has made herself. She is no longer shallow or possesses appearance-dominated beliefs. Beauty is amazed at how is was that she had never noticed before that his agate eyes were equipped with lids like those of a man, she has lastly come to accept both her own and the Beasts otherness, and is content and comfortable with herself.It was no longer a lion in her arms but a man, concludes the main idea of the story, both Beauty and the Beast ease up found themselves and are comfortable, despite the reactions and isolation they experience from society. They are happy together and become one, the idea highlighted with the tense change of the last syntax, the present tense suggesting a continuation, suggesting this occurs in the present, and should continue, an idea which resonates within the readers mind. Finally, the Duke too, within Wolf Alice has differences and repulses society his thin legs scabbed with old scars where thorns scored his pelt.Society too has hate for him, he is an outcast, much like Wolf Alice. Old scars suggest previous encounters with society, their macabre actions, wounding the Duke. Carter is challenging the reader, just because actions are unblemished by the masses, does it make them right? The Duke sees, nowhere a reflection of himself. He has retreated from society, he does not accept his character, further emphasised by his separation from society, living on his own in a gloomy mansion.Potential fear the villagers have towards the Duke is highlighted within the humorous euphemism lupine fiestas, perhaps suggesting that the readers do not want to accept responsibility for the actions they have performed which have driven the Duke to be so un-human. The repeated capitalisation of Duke also suggesting respect, if not fear, towards the strong, seemingly soulless character. If they had been accepting and nurturing, the Duke may have been able to blossom and progress, yet their harsh, judgemental actions have secluded the Duke, leading him to live a primal life, no conscious present.However, throughout the story, Wolf Alice grows and matures from a child to a woman, gradually developing human-like characteristics, such as the need for hygiene, looking for rags to put out the blood up. After meeting the Duke, Wolf Alice continues to progres s and encourages the Duke to do so too. Finally, as if brought into being by her soft, moist, gentle tongue the face of the Duke appears in the mirror. The ideas of the story concluded, similar to The Courtship Of Mr Lyon, Wolf Alice and the Duke both accept their otherness, and encourage the other to do so.All are able to find happiness and live contently despite the views society may possess. Carter is suggesting that feminism does not mean a dominating sex, but equality between them, as each is equal within creation. In conclusion Carters use of literary and linguistic techniques successfully portray the sense of voice and the reactions of characters within both stories to the idea of otherness. Her final ideas are concluded well within both stories, creating a clear message which resonates and questions the reader, encouraging them to consider their actions within a contemporaneous society.

European Colonists and Their Viciousness Essay Example for Free

European Colonists and Their Viciousness EssayWilliam Penn was one example of a leading colonist that maintained good relations with the primal Americans. There were other leaders that did likewise. However, most of the European colonists didnt follow this pattern as John Winthrop or Hernando Cortez. These leaders mistreated the natural Americans and utilize them like objects.One of the reasonablenesss that made near Europeans abuse of the natural Americans was that they didnt think of the ingrained Americans as humans but more as animals or savages. Therefore, they thought they could do any subject of them and even kill them if they needed to. That was true for the English colonists who adage the Native Americans the same way they saw the Irish. For this reason, they would exploit them and use them as slaves. They even destroyed their villages and kidnapped their children for vengeance. One thing that the English colonists didnt do that differentiated them from the Span iards was that they didnt reproduce with the Native Americans because they saw it as reproducing with an animal. Yet, this wasnt the exclusively reason of this behavior among the Native Americans.Another reason for which the colonists took advantage of the Native Americans was might. At this time, power was very principal(prenominal) for everybody. The amount of power you had leaded your life. Of course, when someone had power, he always wanted more and that was so for the kings and queens. When Christopher Columbus told Queen Isabella that the Tainos were weak, innocent and that it would be easy to control them, the queen saw a good opportunity of expanding her power in America and improving her wealth. She decided that she would make slaves out of the Native Americans and that she would impose them her religion. Of course anyone who would resist would be killed. This is how slavery started in America.Another cause of this behavior was bullion. two-fold trips to America had fo r goal to find gold. The European colonists thought that, now that they found this new land, they would be sufficient to reap the benefits of the gold resting on it. However, when the colonists arrived, the Native Americans were already there with the gold. But the colonists had evil interests once they saw gold, they would be able to do anything to get it. That is what happenedwith the conquistador Hernando Cortez and his army when they arrived to Tenochtitlan, the Aztecs capital. When they saw this city, they got bewitched by the gold used to build it. This obsession led to the revolution of the Aztecs against the conquistadores. The battle ended with most of the Aztecs killed including their chief.The last source of the colonists depravity was their territories. When America was first discovered by Christopher Columbus, all the European countries fought to extend their lands. However, the Native Americans were an obstacle for the working out of their colonization. The countrie s thought that the lands belonged to all different tribes of Native Americans. Therefore, the only way to get the lands was to take over the Native Americans and take possessions of their lands. This is again an example of Hernando Cortezs conquest of America for Spain. When he arrived in America, Hernando killed every Native American tribe he found on his way to then claim their lands to Spain. The only reason he didnt kill some of them was to have better chances to defeat the Aztecs. But Cortez wasnt the only colonist to do this to Native Americans and some might have been even crueler than he had.In conclusion, the Europeans didnt follow the pattern of good relations with Native Americans as William Penn and other European leaders because of dehumanization, power, gold and land. These are the four facts that most of the European colonists thought were worth killing a very important amount of innocent people and that caused them to offer viciousness instead of kindness to the Nati ve Americans who hadnt make anything wrong to them.

Criminal Law and Procedure Assignment Essay Example for Free

Criminal Law and routine Assignment attempt1) At the Trial of scissor lee, the prosecution would same(p) to produce to the judgeship the maintenance reports of scissor hold downwind as evidence of his exculpation. Can you write out a list of your objections you forget raise with the court to the production of the warn statement at the trial?autonomic nervous systemUpon the production of the caution statement of scissor hold lee side, I would like to raise some objections in term of its arresting procedure, reliability and voluntariness.Arresting Procedure PC34567 should have cautioned scissors lee(prenominal) at the footb solely ground According to the Rules and Direction for the Questioning of Suspects and the fetching of Statements issued by the Secretary for Security in 1992, when PC34567 has evidence that scissor grip downwind might have perpetrate an crime, he must caution Scissor lee side before putting him into further questions. In the caution statem ent, DPC13579 first quoted the conversation between cut leeward and PC34567 to induce Scissor downwind to have a consensus in the fact described in that conversation, however that conversation record was non obtained under caution and thitherfore it should non be mentioned in questioning scissors hold lee. Therefore, the caution statement is not obtained in a proper procedure and should be inadmissible.Arresting Procedure DPC13579 did not tell Scissors Lee his rights fully under arrest After Scissors Lee was brought to the guard station, he was not told by the police that he should have the chance to contact his family or get a lawyer. In that experimental condition, Scissors Lee whitethorn be put in a situation of helpless and unassisted. Besides, DPC13579 told Scissors Lee that he could only if go if he had given him a statement, hence, there is a intelligent disbelieve that Scissors Lee may be induced to cooperate to die hard out the caution statement. If he was told that he may get a lawyer to represent him, he should have stayed silence during the call into question of DPC13579.Reliability The caution statement is recorded in English The interview should be conducted in the get tongue of Scissors Lee, that seems not to be English but Cantonese, upon the conversation between Lee and PC34567 to rid of any ambiguity and misunderstanding. Scissors Lee is only a Form 4 student at a secondary school and do not do well in academic. Therefore, there is a reasonable doubt that Scissors Lee has the proficiency in English that he understood all the statements make by DPC13579 and stated concisely in his speaking about the whole story of the event.Voluntariness The length of the time of the interview is too long The duration of the interview is 2 hours. It may be a factor that sapping the free will of Scissors Lee in signing the cautioned statement. When the interview time is lengthened, Scissors Lee was anxious to go theme, and there is a reasonabl e possibility that Scissors Lee upright signed the cautioned statement for letting DPC13579 to release him to go home, therefore the cautioned statement may not be made voluntarily and therefrom should be inadmissible.Voluntariness Scissors Lee was in hunger but was jilted to take snack throughout the interview, Scissors Lee was not given any refreshment. The interview was held at the time of having dinner (2000-2200), as he was quite hungry during the interview, he asked DPC13579 for some snack, however DPC13579 ignored him. In such circumstances, it is reasonable to object that the voluntariness of Scissors Lee to sign the cautioned statement was greatly unnatural by hunger and ignorance of DPC13579, thus the cautioned statement should be inadmissible.Voluntariness Scissors Lee was deceived in signing the cautioned statement DPC13579 showed the cautioned statement to Scissors Lee, and simply asked him to sign on it without explaining the content. Scissors Lee thought the cauti oned statement was a paper stating his right after his arrest and signed on it without full acknowledgement. There is a reasonable possibility that Scissors Lee was deceived into signing the cautioned statement and therefore, he was not voluntary in admitting hit Ah Ho, therefore the cautioned statement should be void and thus inadmissible.Voluntariness Scissors Lee was afraid of prejudice in admitting the offensive activity Scissors Lee was told by DPC13579 that he was the only one arrested by the police and he must admit bang Ah Ho otherwise the police would be very angry and take to his school to see him every day. Scissors Lee was afraid that if he did not admit the offensive activity, the police would really pose to see him every day which will obviously cause unexpected agony to him. Therefore, the cautioned statement is displacely involuntary as it has been obtained by a fear of prejudice.Voluntariness Scissors Lee was promised in admitting the criminal offense Sciss ors Lee was told by DPC13579 that hitting is a common assault and he would get away with a fine. Since Scissors Lee thought that he already has a whitlow conviction of bound-over and so that one more common assault would not further taint his character. DPC13579 had made an offer of release from police custody and therefore, it is obvious that Scissors Lee signed the cautioned statement in the hope of release, thus that statement is inadmissible.Voluntariness Scissors Lee was unsuitable for confession upon his emotional status Throughout the interview, Scissors Lee was scared and anxious to go home. Under this mental condition, he was easily impact by external factors, such as the persuasion or threat by DPC13579, impatient to go home therefore, it appears a reasonable doubt that he admitted the offence in absolute voluntary. As a result, the cautioned statement should not be admissible as it is not fair to demand Scissors Lee to make a comprehensive decision in the interview.Volun tariness Scissors Lee may be touch on by alcohol On the day in question, before PC34567 brought him back to police station, Scissors Lee was forced to drink whisky. It was hard to determine that whether the decision of Scissors Lee was affected by the alcohol. Therefore, there is a reasonable doubt that Scissors Lee signed the cautioned statement in an unconscious status, thus the cautioned statement may not be made in voluntary and so inadmissible.2) Supposed Scissors Lee would plead guilty at his trial, can you advise him what mitigating factors you should address the court on his behalf?AnsAfter having a detailed analysis in Scissors Lees background and the circumstance of the offence, I may address the court some mitigating factors upon the facts of this case and of his background. baptistery Fact Scissors Lee was scared of offending Mr. swelled Mr. bragging(a) was an older boy who started to offer Scissors Lee drinks and snacks and interact him to bar after the match. He ta ught Scissors Lee how to drink and everybody in the football ground enured Mr. Big like their leader. In this case, Scissors Lees offence was instigated by Mr. Big. Mr. Big told Scissors Lee to be at the football ground at 3.30 pm so that he would like Scissors Lee to teach Ah Ho a lesson. Mr. Big continued to threaten Scissors Lee that if he did not come, Mr. Big would treat him naughty and teach him a real nasty lesson. Scissors Lee positionted the offence only in fear of Mr. Big but not intentional.Case Fact Scissors Lee was not the prime mover In this case, Mr. Big was throughout the only prime mover of the offence. Scissors Lee was only in control of Mr. Big because of fear of Mr. Big. He runawayed a less important role than his accomplices in this offence and therefore he should be held less guilty. Without the threat by Mr. Big, there appears no evidence that Scissors Lee would commit the offence and cause any deterioration to Ah Ho, therefore, Scissors Lee was only a pup pet of Mr. Big for his offence to Ah Ho.Case Fact Scissors Lee attempted to stop others hitting Ah Ho When Ah Egg, Zero, Ah Kin were hitting Ah Ho, Scissors Lee went up and shouted to them to stop. His attempt to stop others hitting Ah Ho shows that, at first, he had no intention of hitting Ah Ho. Scissors Lee only pushed Ah Ho once after Mr. Big yelled at him, the purpose of his offence was only to make a false appearance to Mr. Big that he was hitting Ah Ho but not intended to cause bodily equipment casualty to Ah Ho. In such circumstances, his offence was relatively un meaty when compared to his accomplices.Case Fact Scissors Lee was affected by alcohol which was forced to drink by Mr. Big Scissors Lee never like imbibition wine. But before the offence, Scissors Lee was forced by Mr. Big to drink a green goddess of whisky. His offence may be affected by alcohol. Therefore, in such unconscious status, Scissors Lee was partly involuntary to commit the offence. There was no evide nce that Scissors Lee will commit similar offence in the future.Case Fact The injury of Ah Ho was not too honest Ah Ho was sent to the hospital for medical treatment, from his medical report, he was discharged with no complication from his scandalise and he would be expected to recover fully within two weeks. Although Scissors Lee and his accomplices did upon to Ah Ho, there was no evidence that the offence of Scissors Lee was causing any substantial damage and left any unrecoverable wound to Ah Ho. The offence committed by Scissors Lee was relatively light and it can be seen that the intention of Scissors Lee was not to cause serious harm to Ah Ho.Case Fact Scissors Lee did not attempt to approach Ah Ho after the offence Scissors Lee has not tried to harass Ah Ho after the event and he waistband a distance from Ah Ho, even if they are still in the same class. Scissors had shown genuine repentance for his offence and regret to what he had done to Ah Ho. Base on these circumstan ces, Scissors Lee is less probably to recommit any offence to Ah Ho.Case Fact Scissors Lee pleaded guilty in devout manner and cooperated with the police Scissors Lee was regret for his offence to Ah Ho, and he pleaded guilty in true(prenominal) manner. Throughout the arrest, Scissors Lee cooperated with the police and told the fact without any concealment. From the above evidence, we can see that Scissors Lee has the intention to repent and reform, he is less likely to commit any similar offence in the future. Therefore, the court should sentence him in high discretion.Background Scissors Lee has levelheaded human family with people surrounded From the background report of Scissors Lee, he came to Hong Kong 10 years ago to get together with his father. However, his father since divorced his mother 8 years ago and left them. Scissors Lee is although come from a complicated family background his race with his mother is good. At school, he always has good relationship with sch ool friends, class teacher and the principal. Scissors Lee has good soulality and there is no substantial risk of reoffending.Background Scissors Lee is a person of responsibility Scissors Lee is an active participator at school and he always help the school in important events like open-day, parents-day and whenever Justices of calm come to visit them. It shows that Scissors Lee has a good character and a good work record at the school. Besides, Scissors Lee is also the sports captain of his school. He is responsible for organizing sport events and victorious care of other schoolmates during sport events. All of his achievements at school show that, he is a person of responsibility and therefore he chose to bear the consequence of his offence.Background Scissors Lee has a clear direction of future career Scissors Lee planned to be a footballer, a terpsichorean or an artist after he has finished Form 5. He has a realistic campaigner of career and therefore is outstanding from others of the same age. It shows that he is a mature and thoughtful youngster and therefore the criminal conviction of this minor offence would be a stain in his personality which may substantially affect his career and life in future already.Background Scissors Lee was not really known with the prime mover Mr. Big Scissors Lee was not really familiar with the prime mover Mr. Big and his accomplices, Zero, Ah Kin and Egg. They are only met at the football ground and play football together. After this event, Scissors Lee is much likely to aloof from those people and he will no longer be influenced by these bad friends.Background Although he was in bind-over, that offence was not relevant to this case Although Scissors Lee has a criminal conviction of fighting in everyday place on 5 Jan 2009 and he is under bound-over in $1000 for 12 months to be of good behavior and refrain from acts of violence. However, that offence was obviously provoked by the victims and it is not relevant to this case as in this case, Scissors Lee was in threat of Mr. Big. Therefore, the court should not impose any relationship from this record to the present case.Proposed Sentence Since Scissors Lees mother who earns only about $8,000 a month is the only financial support in his family, and the maintenance from his divorced father is always have on an irregular basis, to impose a fine may not be suitable as it may cause financial problem to his family. Therefore, a community service order should be obligate as Scissors Lee (1) is one with a light criminal record, (2) has a stable home background and good relationship with his mother, (3) has a good record in school important events, (4) has a realistic prospect of being a footballer, a dancer or an artist, (5) has shown genuine remorse upon his confession and (6) has no more than a slight risk of re-offending upon his background and facts in this case.